ny_quant: (Default)
ny_quant ([personal profile] ny_quant) wrote2006-11-19 05:01 pm

Двупартийная система

Нeдавно [personal profile] scholar_vit написал интересное эссе об американской политической системе. Сегодня я вспомнил, что когда-то тоже кратко высказывался на эту тему. Привожу как было (по-английски), только пару артиклей вставил.

When I was dreaming about escaping from the SU to America I was damn sure that democracy must offer more choices than socialism just by virtue of competition being at work. To an extent it proved true but not nearly as much as I expected. For a while I was suspecting a big time conspiracy. Now I believe that a mature democracy naturally gravitates to a two party system. If that's true than it's also natural for both parties to hang close to the center. Therefore the attractor of the system is a two-body configuration, each twin only a step away from the common center of gravity.

I've been thinking what would it take for them to collapse to the center while kicking out the idiots from the extreme left and right. I'm no longer sure it'd be such a good idea, though.



Вот чего я не понимаю, так это почему вокруг тэга ljuser получается перевод строки. И как этого проще всего избежать. Это никак не связано с firefox?

[identity profile] misha-b.livejournal.com 2006-11-19 10:56 pm (UTC)(link)
This has little to do with mature democracy, but rather e result of a winner-takes-all system. Proportional representation leads to several parties.

[identity profile] ny-quant.livejournal.com 2006-11-21 02:07 am (UTC)(link)
В каких из западных демократий действует proportional representation?

[identity profile] misha-b.livejournal.com 2006-11-21 01:36 pm (UTC)(link)
Various versions and combinations of proportional representation and winner-takes-all are present in most Western democracies. Germany, Australia, Ireland, Italy, etc.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representation#Center_Based_Proportional_and_Multi-Party_Systems

[identity profile] ny-quant.livejournal.com 2006-11-22 02:34 am (UTC)(link)
Про Австралию и Ирландию я мало что знаю, но в Германии и Италии как будто по две доминирующие партии. Впрочем я давно не слежу.

[identity profile] misha-b.livejournal.com 2006-11-22 03:22 pm (UTC)(link)

In Germany there are at least 6 parties, which are significantly represented:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Germany

Two of them are bigger than the rest (and two form a coalition, it seems).

In the US (as you know, of course) there are essentially no representatives of any other party.

[identity profile] ny-quant.livejournal.com 2006-11-23 12:50 am (UTC)(link)
Я, конечно, пардон, но даже и в Германии вторая по величине партия имеет втрое больше мест, чем третья. Там, конечно, более интересная политическая жизнь, но в первом приближении теорема, вроде, выполняется.

[identity profile] misha-b.livejournal.com 2006-11-23 01:41 am (UTC)(link)
Da, no symma 3+4+5 = 2. T.e. ni odna iz partij ne immet nikakogo shansa provodit' zakony v odinochky. V etom bol'shoe otlichie ot US. Dinamika sovsem dtygaya.